Pigmentation is one of the most common aesthetic concerns in Singapore, and it can arise from a variety of causes. Sun exposure, hormonal changes, and inflammation (like acne or eczema) can all trigger your skin to produce excess melanin — the pigment that gives your skin its colour. When melanin becomes unevenly distributed, it can result in visible dark patches, spots, or blotchiness.
This is where Pico laser comes in. Unlike traditional lasers that rely on heat, Pico lasers use ultra-short bursts of energy (measured in picoseconds) to break apart unwanted pigment into tiny particles. These particles are then naturally cleared by your body over time — without damaging the surrounding skin. This technology allows for more precise treatment with minimal downtime, making it especially suitable for Singapore’s humid climate and diverse range of skin tones.
That said, it’s important to understand that not all pigmentation responds the same way to Pico laser. Some types, like sun spots and freckles, are more superficial and respond quickly. Others, such as melasma, are more complex and prone to recurrence, often requiring a multi-modal treatment approach.
In the sections below, we’ll break down which types of pigmentation Pico laser can help with, how it works, and what kind of results you can realistically expect.
Common Types of Pigmentation Pico Laser Can Treat
Pico laser is a versatile treatment, but its effectiveness depends on the type of pigmentation you’re dealing with. Some forms are superficial and respond well to laser, while others are deeper or hormonally driven, requiring a more cautious and comprehensive approach.
Let’s take a closer look at the most common types of pigmentation treated with Pico laser:
Melasma
Melasma is a hormone-related pigmentation often triggered by sun exposure and changes such as pregnancy or birth control use. It typically appears as symmetrical brown patches on the cheeks, forehead, or upper lip.
Because melasma is rooted deeper in the skin and tied to hormonal activity, it can be more challenging to treat. Pico laser may help lighten the patches, but results are gradual and often require multiple sessions along with topical creams and strict sun protection. Even then, recurrence is common, making long-term management key.
Sun Spots & Freckles
These are caused by sun exposure over time, especially in fairer skin types. Freckles are small, scattered spots that may darken with UV exposure, while sun spots (also known as solar lentigines) tend to be larger, flat, and more persistent.
Since these types of pigmentation are more superficial, they tend to respond well to Pico laser. Fewer sessions are usually needed, and results are often more noticeable within a short timeframe.
PIH (Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation)
PIH appears after inflammation or injury, such as acne, eczema, or skin trauma. It is particularly common in darker skin tones, where melanin production increases in response to irritation.
While Pico laser can help fade PIH, it must be used with gentle settings to avoid aggravating the skin and causing further pigmentation. Pigmentation treatment is typically spaced out, and a cautious approach is essential.
Summary Table
| Pigment Type | Common Causes | Easy to Treat? | Recurrence Risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melasma | Hormones, UV exposure | Moderate | High |
| Sun Spots | UV exposure | Yes | Low |
| PIH | Acne, injury, eczema | Yes, with caution | Low–Moderate |
How Does Pico Laser Work on Pigmentation?
Pico laser stands out from other pigmentation treatments due to its non-thermal, ultra-precise technology. Instead of relying on heat to destroy pigment (which can increase the risk of inflammation or damage in some skin types), it uses picosecond pulses — ultra-short bursts of laser energy measured in trillionths of a second — to break pigment down into tiny particles.
Key Technology
Pico lasers work by delivering high-energy pulses in extremely short durations, which shatter unwanted pigment without generating excessive heat. These microscopic pigment fragments are then naturally eliminated by your body’s immune system over time.
This mechanism makes Pico laser especially suitable for:
- Superficial pigmentation like freckles and sun spots
- Mixed-depth pigmentation such as melasma and PIH
- Darker skin tones, where there’s a higher risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation with heat-based lasers
Because it doesn’t rely on thermal energy, there’s less risk of damage to surrounding skin, meaning shorter downtime and lower risk of complications — especially important in Singapore’s ethnically diverse population.
Which Wavelengths Are Used
Different types of pigmentation require different laser depths, and Pico systems offer multiple wavelengths to customise treatment:
- 1064 nm
This longer wavelength penetrates deeper and is safer for darker skin types. It’s commonly used for treating PIH and deeper melasma. - 532 nm
A shorter wavelength that targets superficial pigmentation, like freckles or sun spots. It’s effective but must be used cautiously in medium to dark skin tones due to the risk of rebound pigmentation. - 755 nm
Rarely used in Asia due to its potential to overstimulate melanin in darker skin types. More common in fair-skinned individuals.
The combination of precision, customisability, and minimal downtime makes Pico laser a strong option for treating a range of pigmentation issues — when applied appropriately by an experienced provider.
Results You Can Expect
One of the most common questions about Pico laser for pigmentation is: “How long before I see results?” The answer depends on the type of pigmentation, your skin type, and how your skin responds to treatment. While some concerns fade quickly, others — particularly melasma — require a longer-term approach.
How Many Sessions?
| Pigment Type | Estimated Sessions |
|---|---|
| Melasma | 3–6+ sessions |
| Sun Spots | 1–3 sessions |
| PIH | 2–4 sessions (gentle settings recommended) |
Most patients begin to notice fading after the first few sessions, but optimal results often take time and are best evaluated one month after the final session.
When Will You See Results?
Pigmentation fades gradually over 2–4 weeks as your body clears the broken-down pigment particles. Visible improvement is typically seen after one or two sessions, though melasma and PIH may take longer to even out due to their deeper or more reactive nature.
- Sun spots and freckles: Often lighten significantly after 1–2 sessions
- PIH: Improves gradually, especially with cautious treatment and sun protection
- Melasma: Needs consistent care and sun avoidance for lasting results
For recurring pigmentation like melasma, maintenance treatments and diligent at-home care (e.g., sunscreen, doctor-prescribed topicals) are crucial to prolonging the effects.
Aftercare & Side Effects
While Pico laser is considered a low-downtime and safe treatment, it still triggers a response in your skin — which means proper aftercare is essential for healing, comfort, and long-term results.
Understanding what’s normal (and what to avoid) helps you get the most out of each session.
Common Skin Responses
After treatment, you may notice:
- Mild redness or swelling, typically resolving within a few hours
- Darkening of treated spots (especially freckles or sun spots), which may flake off after several days
- In some cases, temporary post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), especially in darker skin types
These responses are generally temporary and indicate that your skin is beginning the healing process. Any side effects should be discussed with your provider, especially if they persist beyond a few days.
Aftercare Tips
By following these simple steps, you’ll help minimise the risk of side effects — especially PIH — and support better, longer-lasting results from your Pico laser treatment:
DOs
- Use sunscreen daily — SPF 50+, broad-spectrum
- Avoid direct sun exposure for at least one week
- Apply only doctor-approved creams (e.g., gentle moisturisers or prescribed topicals)
DON’Ts
- Do not pick, scrub, or peel treated areas
- Avoid harsh skincare ingredients like retinoids, acids, or exfoliants until your provider advises it’s safe
Limitations of Pico Laser for Pigmentation
While Pico laser is a powerful tool for treating many forms of pigmentation, it’s important to recognise its limitations — especially if you’re managing complex or persistent pigment issues.
Understanding what Pico can and cannot treat helps set realistic expectations and ensures you’re choosing the most appropriate option for your skin.
Not Effective for All Pigment Types
Pico laser does not effectively treat:
- White or depigmented spots (such as vitiligo)
- Very deep dermal pigmentation, like Hori’s nevus (a condition that may require alternative laser wavelengths or combination therapies)
These types of pigment often require specialised evaluation and may respond better to other forms of laser or dermatologic treatments.
Not a One-Time Fix
Conditions like melasma often recur due to their hormonal or vascular components. While Pico laser may significantly lighten the pigment, ongoing care — including maintenance treatments and sun protection — is needed to sustain results.
Not Suitable for Everyone
Pico laser is not recommended if you:
- Are pregnant or breastfeeding
- Have active sunburn or open wounds
- Have a photosensitive condition or are on medications that increase light sensitivity
In these cases, your provider may recommend postponing treatment or exploring other options.
Is Pico Laser Right for You?
Pico laser can be an effective part of your pigmentation treatment journey — but only when it’s used on the right skin condition, with the right approach, by the right provider.
At Sozo Clinic, Dr. Justin Boey emphasises the importance of starting with a proper diagnosis before any laser treatment begins. Not all pigmentation is the same, and some types may require different treatments altogether, such as topical agents, chemical peels, or other laser technologies.
A proper consultation allows your provider to:
- Identify the root cause of your pigmentation
- Assess your Fitzpatrick skin type and risk of post-treatment pigmentation
- Recommend a customised treatment plan, which may include Pico laser or a combination of modalities
Remember, lasers are just one tool — and not always the first or only option. The best outcomes come from a personalised, medically guided plan that considers your skin’s needs, lifestyle, and long-term goals.
If you’re exploring treatment options for pigmentation, start with a consultation to determine if Pico laser treatment is the right fit for you.
